Piston.



CARL GREEN, DAYTON, OHIO,

rrs'ron,

naaaaoa Specification of Letters Patent; Patenti fl J 191' 7' Application filed May 4, 1 916. Serial No. 95,346.

To all whom it may concern I '1 Be it known that I, CARL R, GREEN, a citizen of the United States, iesiding at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pistons, of Which the following is a specification, ref- .erenoe being had therein to the accompaternal combustion nying drawin v This invention relates to pistons and more particularly to a piston for use with an inengine. As is well known, the head of the piston in an internal combustion engine is subjected to an intense heat. This heat causes an eXpan-' sion of the piston, making it necessary to provide a large clearance between the piston and the cylinder to take care of this ex-- pansion.- This excessive. clearance produces undesirable results, such 38110156 and leak- -age of gas while the engine is warming up.

Further, the intense heattends to weaken the metal and make it more liable to injury and distortion under the strain towhich it is exposed.- These eii'ccts of the heat are .present in all pistons, but are especially noticeable in pistons constructed of aluminum compositions'and of similar metals. The object of the present invention 1s to provide a piston, so constructed, that the heat will be distributed and dissipated in such a manner as to minimize its efiects upon the piston; and in which the piston will be reinforced at the, point of greatest strain; and, further, to'provide such a pis-.

ton which will be very light in weight.

In the'accompanying drawings Figure 1' is' a longitudinal sectional view. taken through a pistonembodying my inventlon; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line mm, looking'in the directionof the i at ' arrows; Fig. 3 is a sectional View showing a slightly modified form of the piston.

In these drawings I have illustrated one embodiment of my invention and have shown the same as comprising a hollow cylindrical body portion 1 closed at one-end by a head 2 and provided on: opposite sides with inwardly extending bosses 3, in which are formed supports or bearings 4: for the shaft or pin by means of which the piston'rod is connected with the "piston, The central portion of the piston head is heated to a greater temperature than the -.c1rcumfe'ren- .tial portions thereof, this being due to the proximity of the circumferentlal port ons.

to the water jacketed cylinder; and the central'portionof the piston head is also.

subjected to thegreateststrain. To properly take care of the excessive heat at the center of the head and to provide the necessary strength, Without adding unnecessary weight'to the piston, I have made the central portion of the piston head thickerthan the 'clrcumferential portions. The piston head is preferably in the form of a solid cone havingxa flat base which forms the in ner face of the piston head, the apex of the cone being directedtoward the explosion chamber. It will be obvious, however, that substantially the same result could be had by inverting the conical cylinder head and turning the flat fface outward, as shown in llig. 3. The heat will be conducted away from the relatively thin circumferential portions of thepiston head through the cylindrical body portion and thence to the water jacketed walls of the cylinder. To conduct the heat away from the thicker central por tionof the piston head, I have provided a plurality of heat conducting members or struts 5, which are interposed between theinner face of the piston, at points remote vfrom the circumference thereof, and the body portion ofthe piston, and serve not only to conduct away the heat but to reinforce the central portion of the piston head. Preferably these members or struts extend between the innerface of the piston head and the inner portions of the bosses3and' are thus placed at the points where they will best resist the strains to which the piston is subtcted. Preferably the'body of the. piston ead and struts are cast integral asthis provides a very rigid construction andcan be very cheaply'manufactured.

By providing the piston with the conical head and the reinforcing and heat' conduct. ing members, I am enabled to so dlssipate the heat of thehead as to prevent the same from being heated to an excessive degree and, am, enabled toreduce the thickness of the circumferential portions of the piston head. This results in a pistonhaving a relatively small amount of expansion and 0011-,

traction thus requiring a correspondingly smal'lamount of clearance; a piston of light weight; and a piston of relatively great strength.

- I wish it to be understood that-I do not desire; to be limited to the details of construction shown and described-for obvious modifications vWill'oecur to a person skilled the 31134" fHaving -now -:fully described my inven ti'on, 'vvhat I claim" as new,-and-wish tosecure by- Letters Patent,' is r'.

f, Ahollow piston'compri'sing a: bodyia head having'a thickenedcentral-portion, and

heat: conveying and. reinforcing members connectedl'with said head at'points spaced from the edges thereof and with said body at points remote from said had.

j 2A hollow piston comprising a'body, a

I head having a thickened.- central p'o'l' tioi'i, bosses rigidly secured to and extending in wardly fro'm said body, and strutsxconnected' at their endswith said head at points spaced from the circumference thereof and with the inner portionsof the respectivebos'ses- 3.,A hollow piston comprising. a body, a.

head, bosses rigidly secured to and extending inwardly fromsaid body, and struts .connected at their respective ends with said piston head at points spaced fromthecircum ference thereof and with the inner portions of the respectivebosses.

- body, a head. having a thickened central-por tion, said body having integral-bosses extending inwardly therefrom to form bearings, and members formed integral with. said piston'and connected at their ends with said head.- at points spaced from the circumferienc'e'thereof-and with the inner portions of the respective bosses.

"5.A' hollow piston having a cylindrical body, a head having athickened. centr'al'pon tion, said. body having integral bosses ex vat one .endwith said head at a pointspaced tendingflinwardly therefrom ton-form bearings, andstruts formed integralw-ith said piston, each-ofsaid' struts being'co'nnected' from the circumference thereof, andat itsother endwith said body at a-point remote from said head, and being spaced awayfrom said body.

.6. A hollow piston mprising acylindri-i cal body, a head formed. integral w th said body at one end thereof, said .head increasing gradually in thickness from its-circumference toward its center, anda reinforcing de vice interposed between the central portion 7 of said head. and a part of said body remote from said head. v v

' 7. A. hollow piston domprising a body, a

4:.' A hollow piston having'a cylindrical.

head-atone o dflfifsaid body, and i e-infers ing' members connectedwith the inner face of said, head .a,t"points; spaced from-its edge nd wi h said-(body at pointsgrsmoik; from said head.

. 8. .A' hollow' piston comprising a body, a

head atone end of said. body said head having one: face substantially data and 511-. creasing gradually. in thickness from its circumfere'nce toward its center, a plurality of members each C nnected at one end with said head'at a point remote from its circumference and connected at its otner and with said body] at a point remote from said head.

said members serving both as heat conductsaid body at a point remotefrom said head,

said members serving both as heat conducting members and reinforcing inembers, the several parts of's'aid piston beingca's't in one piece. 4

10. A hollow piston comprising a body,"a. head-at one end of said-body having a thickened central portion, bosses extending inwardly from said'body and a ivlnrality-of members, each connected at. one end said head'at a point spaced from the circnin its other neinhers ference thereof and connected at end with one of said bosses, sai serving both as heat conducting members and reinforcing members, "and, the. seviai parts of'said pistonbeing eastinq one head at one end offsaid'bcdy,bosses mg nwardly from said body and" forming bearings, f and y'a' plurality of memherseech connected-gab one. end withsaid, head-aha point spaced from the circumference thereof.

an onnected at its oth n seef 'saidbosses, 'said' mem Serving h- 'heatf conductin members and reinforeiir members, and the'several parts of said piston,

being cast. in one piece.

In testimony whereofyl aflix' my signature hereto.-

CARL GREEN,

11-. A hollow piston cam ing-sees, 5. 

